1.1 Introduction

Refers to describing data collected for decision-making.

Module Structure

• Types of Data
• Data Visualization
• Numerical Summaries
• Basic Probability

Statistics

• Collecting
• Analyzing
• Presenting
• Interpreting

Data Set

All data collected for a particular study.

Data

Data used for a specific purpose. A study/research may only use particular data from a data set.

Manipulating

Implies that the data is being altered or misrepresented.

Elements

An entity/object that data is being collected on.
Example: The households in the above data are the elements.

Variables

Attributes of the elements for which data is being collected.
Example: Ownership, location, family size, etc., are the attributes of the household for which data is being collected.

Observation

The entire set of data collected for one element. A set of all the variables of one element is called an observation.

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